Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Changes in Canada

Lastly, in 1905 the 9th and 10th provinces were added in which were Alberta and Saskatchewan (All Website 1 and 2) which are colored red. As you can see a lot of changes had happened during hose 38 years but we have yet to discuss Unapt which was created in 1999. Canada now has 10 provinces and 3 territories. Canada has been through many changes for it to become the great country it is now. Stronger and Better Canada The Confederation and the changes that had happened to Canada had a positive effect on Canada.A large effect the Confederation had on Canada Is on the economy and Canada's social structure. This lead to Canada being a strong country as It Is today. The Confederation helped with transportation problems. All the colonies were Joined to make one whole country to spend less money on International railway systems. This saved tons of money (Website 3 and 5). The railway also helped with Canada's defenses and soldiers. If a colony was under attack they could easily send soldier s on the railway systems throughout Canada. Secondly, the Confederation mainly helped Canada's economy.Economy In any country Is Important, and Canada's economy Is great compared to most countries. External trade at this time was not working too well, so Canada had to rely on International trade. New railway systems created in this process, because External trade was not working, Canada had to rely on its farmers and manufactures (Website 4). Canada's rose, causing the creation of ore and more Jobs as the years progressed. Industrialization was becoming more common as Canada started to grow. This resulted in arbitration.Finally, the Confederation created an organized government; because of a more organized government more laws were able to be set. One important thing that was done was equal rights. The Constitution allowed First Nations, women and blacks to be heard in parliament, as their voices were not heard until the early sass (HUH). Canada many important pull factors and attra cted many immigrants during the sass. The government started to give out land for these immigrants to settle, immigration is important for Canada as our economy is stable and there are many Job opportunities (HUH-96).In 1999 Unapt Joined the confederation making it Canada's 3rd and last territory. It was created to give Intuit people more freedom (HUH). In conclusion the Confederation helped Canada develop to where it is now; it is an important part of Canadian history. The Confederation created a more organized government system for laws to be passed, transportation problems to cut down on prices for railroads and making trade more efficient. Now we know how Canada became such a great and successful country.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Music in the Roaring Twenties

MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT IN THE ROARING TWENTY’S [pic] ? Introduction The 1920s known as the â€Å"Roaring Twenties† were a time of great change, economic growth, mass production, urbanization (farmers moved to larger industrial cities), cars, telephone, radio, record players and prohibition. It was a period of a new freedom for women. It was for Americans and western Europeans, a break period from the first world, a time for happiness and peace. Finally the Wall Street Crash of 1929, ended this period as the Great economic depression set in worldwide.The Roaring Twenties were the first golden age of the American music and often known as â€Å"The Jazz Age†. This â€Å"movement† in which jazz music grew in popularity, also influenced other parts of the world. However prior to the Jazz, dance was to dominate all forms of music. ? America export Music to the world When the American dancer Josephine Baker visited Berlin in 1925, at the time when Francis Scott Fitz gerald published the Great Gatsby in the US, she performed at the â€Å"Theater Des Westens† and found it dazzling. The city had a jewel-like sparkle,† she said, â€Å"the vast cafes reminded me of ocean liners powered by the rhythms of their orchestras. There was music everywhere. † Eager to look ahead after the crushing defeat of World War I. The music played in Berlin, Amsterdam, London, or Paris, mostly originated from small towns in America. ? Origins of music in the ‘roaring twenties’ Following World War I, around 500,000 African Americans in search of better employment opportunities moved to the northern part of the United States.They left their home towns of New Orleans, (Louisiana), or Saint Louis (Missouri), Kansas City (Missouri)†¦ With them, they brought their culture to the North in places like Chicago (Illinois), Detroit (Michigan), Cincinnati (Ohio), Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania), and York City (NY) which became the place for the â₠¬Å"Harlem Renaissance† During this period of time, the works of African Americans in fields such as writing and music escalated. Styles of music including Dixieland and blues became popular as well.Throughout the 1920's many people took an interest in music and in dance. They owned pianos, trumpets, saxophones, drums, bass, guitars, clarinets, trombones and played sheet music, listened to records and visited theatres, and dance clubs. With the help of radio broadcasting, new artists become famous all over the United States and for some around the world. ? Dance clubs in the 1920’s Dance clubs became enormously popular in the 1920s. Dance music came to dominate all forms of popular music by the late 1920s. Classical pieces, operettas, folk music, etc. ere all transformed into dance music in order to please young people much as the disco phenomena would later do in the late 1970s. For example, many of the songs from the 1929 Technicolor musical operetta The Rogue Song (st arring the Metropolitan Opera star Lawrence Tibbett) were rearranged and released as dance music and became popular club hits in 1929. Dance clubs across the U. S. sponsored dance contests, where dancers invented, tried, and competed with new moves. Professionals began to perform in tap dance and other dances across the United States.With the advent of talking pictures (sound film) musicals became the main attraction. Film studios flooded the box office with new musical films, many of which were filmed in ‘Technicolor’ ne of the most popular of these musicals, ‘Gold Diggers of Broadway’ became the most known film of the decade. Harlem played a key role in the development of dance styles. With several entertainment venues, people from all walks of life, all races, and all classes came together. The ‘Cotton Club’ featured black performers and catered to a white clientele, while the ‘Savoy Ballroom’ catered to a mostly black clientele . Popular dances & Musicians The most popular dances throughout the decade were the: foxtrot, waltz, and American tango. From the early 1920s, however, a variety of eccentric novelty dances were developed. The first of these were the Breakaway and Charleston. Both were based on African-American musical styles and beats, including the widely popular blues. The Charleston dance became popular after appearing along with the song, â€Å"The Charleston,† by James P. Johnson in the Broadway musical Runnin' Wild in 1923.Although the origins of the dance are obscure, the dance has been traced back to blacks who lived on an island off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina (which is why the dance is called â€Å"Charleston†). A brief Black Bottom dance, originating from the Apollo Theatre in Haarlem (NY), swept dance halls from 1926 to 1927, replacing the Charleston in popularity. By 1927, the Lindy Hop, a dance based on Breakaway and Charleston and integrating elements of tap , became the dominant social dance. Developed in the Savoy Ballroom, it was set to stride piano ragtime jazz.The Lindy Hop would later evolve into Swing dance. These dances, nonetheless, were danced by small groups of people. The majority of people continued to dance the foxtrot, waltz, and tango. On the singing side, top singers were Nick Lucas, Scrappy Lambert, Frank Munn, Lewis James , Gene Austin, Franklyn Baur, Johnny Marvin, and Ruth Etting. Leading orchestra leaders included Bob Haring, Harry Horlick, Louis Katzman, Leo Reisman, Victor Arden, Phil Ohman, George Olsen, Ted Lewis, Abe Lyman, Ben Selvin, Nat Shilkret, Fred Waring, and Paul Whiteman. ? All that jazz in the 1920’sHowever, despite all these trends and forms of music, the most known would remain the Jazz. Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in black communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. One name, o ne of the most famous jazz musicians of all time, is worth mentioning. Louis Daniel Armstrong (1901 – 1971), from New Orleans, Louisiana, displayed his amazing talents as a trumpeter, cornet player, and singer during the Jazz Age. He studied and played with a famed cornet player named Joseph â€Å"King Oliver† Oliver (1885 – 1938).In 1925, â€Å"Satchmo,† (his nickname) who had learned to play cornet at the age of twelve, started The Hot Fives. The band would later gain two more musicians and was appropriately renamed The Hot Sevens. He did not restrict his talents to just music, however. He also starred in films such as Pennies from Heaven. He continued working in the last three years of his life, most of which was spent in hospitals. He died at home on July 6, 1971. Some of the many artists of that time also included Duke Ellington (1899 – 1974), Joseph â€Å"King Oliver† Oliver (1885 – 1938), Bessie Smith (1894? 1937), Benny Goodma n (1909 – 1986), and Ma Rainey. ? Conclusion: The Roaring Twenties: a golden age for American Music and dance The Roaring Twenties period has long been considered a golden era of American society; the standard of living was rising, morality was being re-defined, innovation and business was soaring, and the general public perceived that times were good. It has been considered also as a golden age for the music and entertainment industry such as dance, theatre and film industry. Definition: The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the 1920s and 1930s. At the time, it was known as the â€Å"New Negro Movement†, named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke. Though it was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, many French-speaking black writers from African and Caribbean colonies who lived in Paris were also influenced by the Harlem Renaissance. PICTURES [pic] New York Dance Club 1923 [pic] Jazz Orchestra Houston Tx. [pic] Fashion models l istening to radio [pic] News [pic] Dance club  : Cotton Club [pic]

Monday, July 29, 2019

Blame For Ww1 Essay Research Paper The

Blame For Ww1 Essay, Research Paper The incrimination of get downing World War One is an issue that until today is still non resolved. Many historiographers every bit good as committees tried to happen the state or individual responsible for the war but their findings are really different. This issue is unresolved because no one individual, event or state is to the full responsible for the eruption of war ; it was the actions and fortunes that existed before the war, between the states that fought, that triggered the beginning of World War One. Sidney Bradshaw Fay was one of the people who wrote about the guilty party of the First World War. Fay states that none of the European states wanted war nevertheless in each of the states, political and military leaders did certain things that lead to the declarations of war and the mobilisation of military personnels. These leaders besides failed to detain the oncoming of war. Harmonizing to Fay each state was, to some grade, guilty of the war. Fay wrote that Austria was more responsible for the immediate cause of the war than any other state. He writes that Austria was moving in self-defence against the gnawing Serbian and Jugoslav agitation which her leaders believed threaded he being. Besides after the shot of the archduke, Count leopard von Berchtold, the Austrian foreign curate hastily declared war against Serbia in order to prevent all attempts at mediation. He even refused the advice of his Alliess to come to an understanding with Russia, on the footing of a military business of Belgrade as a pledge that Serbia would transport out the promises in her answer to the ultimatum. Fay wrote in Origins of the World War that Serbia was partly responsible for the eruption of war. Like any other state in the 19th century they wanted to be liberated from foreign regulation. When Serbia looked for aid from Russia the two states became Alliess. Therefore after the shot of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, Mr. Pashitch the Prime Minister of Serbia took no stairss to detect who committed the blackwash. When Austria asked Serbia to assist them happen the individuals responsible for the offense, Serbia refused. He besides wrote that it turns out that Mr. Pashitch was cognizant of the secret plan to kill the Archduke three hebdomads before it occurred but did nil to halt the bravos from traversing the lodger. Serbia s guilt lies in the fact that notwithstanding the information the Prime Minister had nil was done to forestall the program from being completed. Germany excessively was in portion responsible for war. Harmonizing to Fay Germany largely tried to forestall the eruption of war nevertheless, Germany s geographical place lead to their demand to protect themselves. Germany is between Russia and France where Germans felt really threatened. They felt that they should protect themselves since Russia was likely to step in in the Balkan Problem and that England would non remain impersonal but ally itself with France. Harmonizing to Fay German mobilisation was an act of self-defense and Germany did non at all want war. Fay continued to compose that Russia besides was partially responsible for the Austro-Serbian struggle because it often encouraged Belgrade ; Serbian national integrity would be achieved with Russian aid at Austrian disbursal. Because of this encouragement Serbia thought she could acquire assist from Russia in instance of war with Austria. Otherwise Serbia would hold non done so many things that threatened peace. However Russia was non every bit ready as she appeared, she was still retrieving from the Russo-Japanese war and was non ready for a European battle with Teutonic Powers, said Fay. Due to their unprepared state of affairs, Russia put restraints on Serbia. But in the spring of 1914, Russia felt they reigned much of what they lost in the Russ-Japanese war and were ready to contend Europe, which make Serbia confident in her actions sing the blackwash of the Archduke. Harmonizing to Fay the portion that France played in the induction of the war is less clear, because France has non made a full publication of their paperss. However during the President Maurice Paleogue s visit to Russia it is clear that he told the Tsar that France would back Russia, as an ally in forestalling Austria for mortifying or powderizing Serbia. The president was really supportive and did non seek to keep Russia from military steps which he knew would name forth German counter-measures and cause war, wrote Fay. Therefore the Russian Gallic confederation would do France to take some of the incrimination of the First World War, because of the Gallic support of Russia. Harmonizing to Fay, the mistake of Great Britain in forestalling the World War was because Sir Edward Grey did non make one of two things, which coul vitamin D have prevented war. Fay wrote If early in the crisis, he had acceded to the goad of France and Russia and given a strong warning to Germany that, in a European War, England would take the side of the Franco-Russian Alliance, this would hold led Bethmann to exercise an earlier and more effectual force per unit area on Austria. If this had merely been known, the war could hold been prevented because, as Fay thinks, Austria would hold non declared war on Serbia. Fay besides wrote that if Sir Edward Grey had listened to German goad, and warned Russia and France before in the crisis, war could hold been prevented if England stated that they would stay impersonal. England s nonpartizan mentality would hold made Russia hesitate with her mobilisation and France would hold put force per unit area on St. Petersburg to hold peace negotiations alternatively of traveling to war. The Commission on War Guilt was came up with it s ain guilty party on the cause the First World War. Harmonizing to the Commission the chiefly duty remainders foremost on Germany, secondly on Turkey and Bulgaria. The duty is made all the graving tool by ground of the misdemeanor by Germany and Austria of the neutrality of Belgium and Luxembourg, which they themselves had guaranteed. The first ground that Germany and Austria-Hungary are at mistake, harmonizing to the committee, is the empathic ultimatum with a really short clip bound they sent to Belgrade. They expected Serbia to non accept the ultimatum giving them grounds to pay war on Serbia. In order to keep peace Serbia s Alliess urged the state to hold to the demands. They yielded. But Germany mobilized before they received Serbia s understanding to the ultimatum. The Commission besides wrote that they Entente Powers tried to happen a peaceable solution of the difference. On July 25, Sir Edward Grey proposed mediation but Germany refused saying that this war was an issue or arbitration non of mediation. The undermentioned twenty-four hours Russia tried to negociate straight with Austria but the offer was refused. The twenty-four hours after that England wanted to keep a European conference but Germany refused. The Commission fundamentally regards Germany and Austria as the chief grounds that the war broke out and was non controlled. Bernadotte E. Schmitt besides wrote about the cause of the First World War. He wrote that many of the factors that lead to the war happened many old ages before, in the bend of the century. For illustration the October Crisis and so some old ages subsequently the Balkan Wars in 1912-13. Harmonizing to Schmitt, Germany was at mistake because they felt that they could win the war on the premise that England would stay impersonal ; but England did fall in the ground forces on the opposing side. Germany besides thought that war was a good agencies of covering with the threat of socialism, which seemed to be steadily increasing, wrote Schmitt. He besides wrote that without Germany being portion of the confederation system the war would hold neer broke out. Austria-Hungary was at mistake for making the untimatum. They could hold predicted that Serbia would accept about anything to forestall war. However even though Austria go the ultimatum they broke off diplomatic dealingss and declared war on Serbia on July 28. Russia s duty lies in the fact that they supported Serbia in military power. Even though Russia was still seeking to retrieve from the Russo-Japanese war, they were willing to assist Serbia in a war against Germany. Their chief ground for making this was to guarantee that Russia could still utilize Serbia as entree to the Mediterranean they needed for trade and military intents. Each of these three positions on the war guilt have valid points, nevertheless this means that no one state is personally responsible for the war. The shot of the Archduke, although believed to be the chief ground for war, was merely a little part of the cause. If the Archduke was non changeable some other small thing would hold brought out the mounting tenseness felt by they European states. It is besides non just ot say that chiefly Germany and Austria were at mistake. The other states tried to hold peace negotiations, nevertheless nowhere is it written what each state s grounds were for holding these negotiations. Possibly their dockets were non as clear or good as they appeared on the surface. The confederation system was one of the chief grounds for the war. In a state of affairs where every state must be loyal to another in instance of a war, no 1 remains impersonal to intercede in the war. Had the system non existed any war that potentially broke out between Austria and Serbia could hold been stopped or slowed by impersonal states but since none of the great powers of Europe were non in an confederation no 1 was left to do any attempt in halting the war.

FDA regulation and application submission process for new drugs Term Paper

FDA regulation and application submission process for new drugs - Term Paper Example Developing a drug for wide use such as a breast cancer drug follows a certain method. The development of any medication is test intensive. We send evidence from these tests to prove the drug is safe and effective. Experts will review our data. Once this independent review establishes the products health benefits outweigh the risks, the drug may be approved. Before a drug can be tested in people, we perform laboratory and animal tests to investigate how it works and how likely it is to be safe. The human testing is conducted to investigate effectiveness. Orphan drug development is similar in some ways but different in others. To apply for orphan drug designation, we must complete a number of additional steps. First, we have to specify the disease. Next, we must submit the appropriate documents including our name and address, our contact person with title, address, and phone number as well as the name of the drug. Furthermore, we need to provide a description of the target disease, the indications for use of the drug, and the reasons why the drug is necessary to treat the disease. We must provide specific scientific rationale including all data from cynical and nonclinical studies and additional sources available whether positive, negative, or inconclusive. Copies of pertinent unpublished and published papers are required. We must document how the disease affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States. For a drug intended for a disease affecting 200,000 or more people, we must provide rationale why there would be no expectation that costs of research and development of the drug for the indication c ould be recovered by sales of the drug in the United States. ... tionale why there would be no expectation that costs of research and development of the drug for the indication could be recovered by sales of the drug in the United States. In essence, we would follow all of the protocols of developing the drug for non-orphan status but with a few additional considerations. Questions remain as to why it might be prudent to develop the new drug as an orphan. First, there are certain government incentives to following this route. Government provides tax breaks, enhanced patent protection and marketing rights, as well as clinical research financial subsidization. Furthermore, it provides slightly relaxed statistical standards under the assumption that subjects with the disease in question may not be plentiful enough to derive a very large sample for testing. Still, there are ethical considerations. What if more people are helped otherwise We have a social responsibility to distribute a health benefiting drug to as many people who need it as possible. To develop under orphan drug protocol would limit the number breast cancer patients who might benefit from the drug. Although there are operational and financial motivations for developing the drug under the orphan guidelines, they should not necessarily be the only considerations that play into our decision. Thinking on certain questions about the prudence of following one drug development protocol versus another has been reported here. We have examined how ways to submit a drug application for a novel anticancer molecule showing evidence of efficacy in leiomyosarcoma. We briefly outlined the differences in approaches to develop this product. One approach is that of applying for orphan drug development. The other is that of developing the drug for breast cancer. We also explored certain

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Business Strategy Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Business Strategy Master - Case Study Example The retail business had grown in size by 1990 and it had even acquired two manufacturing companies in China. In 1991, Giordano was listed in the Hong Kong stock exchange as Giordano Holdings limited and this enabled it to incorporate Bermuda to become Giordano group. This was an opportunity for the company to expand especially in markets outside Hong Kong. The difficulties that the company experienced at the time were the Asian financial crisis, the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and disruptions of operations in China. Despite all these, it had improved tremendously in its benefits and revenues. By the year 2004, the company was boasting of a multi-brand development, geographical and market expansion in Asia and Middle East. The economy grew and the company had increased property and stock markets. This made it to earn wholesale margins. In the year 2005, the company's net profit rose yet again but by the third quarter, it had dropped because of heavy rainfall, a spew of typhoons and warm temperatures in the region. In the same year, they signed an agreement with Walt Disney to improve their brand. The workers of this company were at the forefront of ensuring that the company's objectives were achieved. The employees were offered salaries that were higher than those in the market and they were also retained. From 1997 to 2003, Hong Kong revenues began declining after a significant drop in tourist activity. Giordano Company's primary markets are china, Singapore, and Taiwan. Other markets include Australia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Japan, Korea and the Middle East. This company's main competitors are: Esprit holdings, Benetton, Uniqlo, Bossini, G 2000, Baleno and U-right companies. With the growing and changing global retail, there is need for this company to explore different strategies to counter the different markets and have a competitive advantage over their competitors (Needle, 2004). Question 1 Macro factors that affect business performance and profitability in this industry. The key macro factors that are brought out in this organization are the political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, legal, and the environmental influences. They are factors that have affected the performance and profitability of the organization. Political trend is such one factor that has manifested itself in the company. During the venture into the Chinese market, there was a fall out between a Chinese leader and Jimmy Lai because of the way he openly criticized his government which led to the closure of the company's outlet in Beijing. Jimmy Lai had to withdraw from the management of the company as the Chinese government continued to close the company's other outlets. As soon as his presence was no longer felt, Giordano Company introduced new policies that enabled it open new shops in China. Unemployment is an economic factor which has affected this industry. In Hong Kong, the market was doing well until there was a significant drop in the tourism industry. Within six yea rs, the economy had experienced at least three economic recessions which led to high unemployment rates (Needle, 2004). Leisure is a socio cultural activity that is brought out in th

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Analyze movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analyze movie - Essay Example mummy has brought so many questions to light with regards not only to how worthy these claims are but also to the ancient way of life of the past ancestors. The discovery of a man having a copper ax at a time when such thing was not a thing of imagination also begs the question of how accurate the historical dating and recordings are. Many hypotheses were put to explain the discovery of a body in the mount Alps buried in the glacier, the nature of his death and the accuracy of the scientific technology (James). This amazing discovery is what prompted the scripting and finally production of the movie bearing the title â€Å"Iceman Murder Mystery’’. The movie bears all the processes that were involved from the discovery to the final autopsy procedures conducted on the mummified copse of Otzi. The movie however, according to how it was directed depicts or portrays a different theme all together. According to my understanding, the movie tries to portray the fact that human nature remains the same despite the level of advancement achieved in technology and thinking. For this reason, I tend to share a common understanding with Eduard Egarter Vigl on the connection he felt with the Mummy after looking at his face, position of the body and mortality in general. For this reason, was I to be the director of the movie, I would have named or titled it â€Å"Otzi the Stone Age modern man: A Reflection Of human Socio-cultural connectedness to the Past†. The movie in my observation was cast to reflect in the human nature that never changes despite the number of years that pass by. This is supported by almost all the theories that were put forward to explain the cause of death of the Mummy. The theory that now support this argument even further is the one that is seen to be favoured most about the death resulting from not, an animal, not another skirmishes, not any falling glacier but a person from the inside of where Otzi was coming from. This though not well explained in the

Friday, July 26, 2019

Managing Across Cultures--Progress Report Assignment

Managing Across Cultures--Progress Report - Assignment Example Another key value of Germans is perfectionism. This progress report provides an overview of the values, values and overall culture of the two countries; in order to compare and contrast them. In order to achieve this, two frameworks will be analyzed – Hofstede model and Trompennar’s model. The report will also highlight the organizational culture, negotiation styles and aspects of language. The culture of the two countries can be analyzed in terms of Hofstede’s 6-Dimensions. The six dimension of culture as suggested by Hofstede include power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, pragmatism and indulgence (The Hofstede Centre, 2014). These dimensions differ in different countries, leading to different values and beliefs of different countries. This differences cause challenges for expatriates working in different countries. This cultural dimension expresses cultural attitudes towards inequalities in the society. Russia has a high power distance of 93%, which means that power is very distant in the society (The Hofstede Centre, 2014). There is a large discrepancy between the less powerful and the more powerful. Expatriates therefore need to adapt to behaviours that reflect status roles in business areas – including negotiations, cooperation and visits. On the other hand, Germany has a low power distance score of 35%. Leadership is challenged to provide expertise and results, and control is avoided. Expatriates in Germany are therefore free to challenge the status quo. This refers to the level of interdependence among members of the society. Russia has a low score in terms of individualism. This is reflected in their friendship value. Friends, relatives and neighbours are always considered to be important in challenges facing people (The Hofstede Centre, 2014). On the other hand, Germany is a highly individualistic society with Hofstede’s individualism score of 67% (The Hofstede Centre, 2014). Germans believe in

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 35

Marketing - Essay Example Buzz.greatfxbusinesscards.com). It also helps to minimize risks associated with business operations and also enables the creation of benchmarks to help measure progress. Marketing research is often outsourced to different companies and this functions as a disadvantage because the data obtained may be too general and may not reflect the elements that only an organization can collect based upon its intimate knowledge of its customers (Gordon, 2008). Contemporary research suggests that companies allot the lion’s share of their resources towards marketing their products rather than on doing research. (Gordon, 2008). Most companies also use third parties, i.e, market research companies, to carry out their research which helps to prevent bias but may also have disadvantages, as indicated above. There is a general tendency to use electronic methods for data collection, through the use of surveys. Additional qualitative research methods may be used to gather general information about companies, while quantitative studies may focus upon quarterly, half yearly or annual measurement of key metrics in assessing changing customer trends over time.(www.lifestyledynamics.com) The process of marketing requires considerable thought and a comprehensive study of the market. Firstly, there must be an adequate level of consumer demand for the product. Secondly, knowledge about the product needs to be communicated to consumers through the use of effective advertising. A product is likely to succeed if it is able to address a demand and is priced reasonably but if consumers are unaware of the availability of the product, or if it is priced too high, it may fail to garner adequate levels of sales. The sale of certain products will also depend upon the place where they are sold, for example, warm clothes sell in cold locations. If a product is to be successful, Price, Promotion and Place must all be considered. Kotler has identified ten

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Imagine you are a business owner; discuss debt financing, types of Assignment

Imagine you are a business owner; discuss debt financing, types of risk, beta, and investments - Assignment Example This would give you a better idea to stock only as much as you would need. For a small business the ratios can do wonders as it utilizes current cash flows to determine how much cash would be flowing in the future. Most importantly for a small business like mine the financial ratios help to identify the weaknesses and the strengths of the business. This way the retailer can have a better understanding on how to play his cards in order to make his business flourish. A few ratios that tend to be important to a small business would be income ratios, liquidity ratios, and profitability ratios. Though what seems important for a small business enterprise will not be as important for a larger business enterprise. Thus larger business corporations have to consider retailers and wholesalers, for them it’s the ratio is of total assets and total liabilities. They have manufactures and a number of other liabilities and ratios that need to be accounted for while the workings of a small business are fairly simple. Another important factor in managing small businesses that is debt financing. Most small businesses do not require large investments and so they use debt financing. Debt financing is all about taking a loan from the bank to finance the newly found business practice. Debt financing surely has its upsides and downsides. We shall discuss the upside first; debt financing allows you to have full control over your business practices unlike having a partner. Another one would be the tax benefits involved (Bragg, 2011). Another important factor would be that the amount due is fixed and so can be managed over the months’ time because it is easier to generate the amount with a target in mind. Last but not least no amount of profit generated is up for sharing. Where theres an upside theyre bound to be a downside as well. The debt financing brings along with the

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

There are limitations, but financial and management accounting perform Essay

There are limitations, but financial and management accounting perform a fundamental role in the measurement of performance wit - Essay Example In this context, the performance measurement has been characterized as an activity of key value for organizations in different industrial sectors. The specific issue is examined in this paper; emphasis is given on the role of the financial and management accounting in performance measurement, as a key part of strategic decision process in modern organizations. It is concluded that both financial and management accounting are quite important for the successful development of performance measurement schemes – even if, in certain cases, the involvement of financial and management accounting in performance measurement causes delays in the completion of the relevant processes – under the terms presented below. Because of the above problem, a series of recommendations has been included in this study aiming to support the improvement of performance measurement systems. 2. Performance measurement in organizations 2.1 Performance measurement – description, role The use of performance measurement in modern organizations has been related to the achievement of specific organizational targets. Most commonly, the performance measurement is used a firm’s managers in order to evaluate whether the organizational activities manage to achieve a particular level of performance – as set by the planners of these activities. In this way, it will be possible to estimate if these activities have paid back the investment made on them or not. In practice, the performance measurement – as one of the firm’s key strategic processes – can be quite complex. This fact is reflected in the theories developed in the particular field – referring to the content, the role and the phases of performance measurement in modern organizations. At a first level, certain differentiations can be identified in the criteria used by theorists when having to define the performance measurement; however, a close examination of their views would lead to the assumption that they all emphasize on the value of performance measurement as a tool for estimating the achievement of organizational goals – including the risks involved. In accordance with Hatry (2006) the performance measurement can be defined as the ‘regular measurement of the results (outcomes) and efficiency of services or programs’ (Hatry 2006, p3). On the other hand, Meyer (2003) notes that the term ‘performance measurement’ can be explained using two different definitions: the dictionary definition, which focuses on the past, i.e. on the performance of the organization up to the time point when its performance is measured and the economic definition, which refers rather to the future, emphasizing on ‘the measurement of the shareholder value into the firm’ (Meyer 2003, p20). It is further explained that in the context of the dictionary definition ‘performance is measured by operational measures or current financial res ults’ (Meyer 2003, p20); on the other hand, the economic definition is based on the measurement of performance ‘using share prices’ (Meyer 2003, p20). Another definition of performance measurement is mentioned in the study of Harbour (1997); in the above study reference is made to the performance measurement as a method for ‘measuring work accomplishments and output’ (Harbour 1997, p7). At the next level, Epstein et al. (2006) emphasize on

Ramadan Celebration Essay Example for Free

Ramadan Celebration Essay Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic Calendar, is considered as one of the holiest months of the year. In this month when the prophet Muhammad was said to have received the holy book (Quran). Each day during Ramadan, followers of Islam, known as Muslims, do not eat or drink from sunrise to sunset; they are also supposed to avoid bad thoughts and bad behavior. Muslims break their daily fasts by sharing meals with family and friends. During Ramadan Muslims fast from dawn to sunset. All Muslims who have reached puberty and are in good health are required to fast. At sunset, families get together to break the fast known as Ifatr. You start eating with two or more dates like the Prophet Peace Be Upon use to do. The Ifatr meals consist on milk, water, dates, and desserts. (A team of cardiologists in the UAE found that people observing Ramadan enjoy a positive effect on their lipid profile, which means there is a reduction of cholesterol in the blood) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramadan It is very important in Ramadan to pray 5 times daily, and recite Quran every day. Ramadan helps us become patient and washes away our bad deeds. It reminds us of the people that are starving and teaches us that how lucky we are that Allah-Tallah provided us with these benefits and help us become better Muslim. After the Ifatri you go to Mosque and pray Magrib and Isha to complete your fast. Thirdly, in Ramadan avoid bad thoughts and bad behavior. Respect your elder and listen to them, you are not allowed to use foul language or hit someone. Keep your mind away from the bad thoughts and the best way to do that is pray and keep saying Allahakabar, Alhumdullah, and Astagfirullah it will keep your mind away from bad thoughts. In Quran Allah- Tallah said if one does not abandon falsehood in words and deeds, Allah has no need for his abandoning of his food and drink.

Monday, July 22, 2019

Green Golf Traingle Sri Lanka Essay Example for Free

Green Golf Traingle Sri Lanka Essay The world Tourism arrivals grew by 4.4 % in 2011 to a total of 980Mn up from 939 M in 2010. Among the regions Asia lead with 6.1 % growth. Sri Lanka did well with 32% growth in 2011 and country is expected to reach 2.5 million tourist arrival by year 2016. The Development policy framework of the Government namely ‘Mahinda Chintana’ is committed to a sustainable tourism development. The strategic commitments of six year Tourism Development Strategy Plan is aimed to fulfill its ambitious vision to grow tourism arrivals to 2.5 million with USD 2. 75 billion foreign exchange earnings by 2016. The plan further emphasize the priorities outlined for Sri Lanka Tourism business plan 2011-2012, including encouraging regional visitation, investment attraction and attracting golfers from emerging markets such as China and India. Golf involves directly with the tourism offering golfing facilities in Sri Lanka. It was introduced Sri Lanka in the later part of the 19th century by the British Planters. Though there are growing awareness for environmental protection and sustainability, most of the tourism industry products are still far from achieving these ‘green’ objective. Hence the proposal of Green Golf Triangle is to give an achievable practical target to boost the ongoing discussion of environment sustainability. The main economic benefit that will accrue through the project will be increase of foreign exchange while attracting up market quality tourist. In addition development of this nature are important for regional developments, since they create social mobility and open new opportunities for employment. Objectives Recognize and promote Sri Lanka as a â€Å"Green Golf† destination in which visitors can play golf on three high-quality, environmentally-responsible courses. With this proposed project, Sri Lanka will become the first country anywhere in the world to have all of its courses recognized as environmentally responsible. The primary objective is to create sustainable recreation facility where visitors could come and enjoy a game of golf set within nature which provided in beautiful environmental friendly and sustainable setting. In other word to develop a unique recreational products which will cater to high end ‘niche’ market segment of tourism. Followings are some of the specific objectives that could be achieved by maintaining Green Golf Practices. †¢ It’s the law to maintain the environment and have ethical business practices †¢ Better government relations †¢ Better community relations †¢ Save money on running costs †¢ Good media angle †¢ Way to stand out from other courses in the region which will enhances positioning of Golf Tourism in Sri Lanka †¢ Enhances ability to attract regional International Golf tournaments †¢ Reinforces corporate positioning as a responsible tourism †¢ Collateral activities can be developed – nature walks, bird watching Present Policy The government development policy regarding tourism development is to ensure that tourist and recreational developments are socially and environmentally acceptable, and that the developments meets the needs of tourists and contributes to the overall policy and objectives of Sri Lanka tourism. Followings are some of the aspects that apply to all tourist activities. †¢ An Environmental impact assessment should be carried out for all projects and environmentally harmful measures relating to development and maintenance avoided †¢ Water Supply of all tourist projects should be adequate and sources of supply should be sustainable †¢ Electricity All establishment should be adequate and reliable. Environmentally friendly alternative sources , particular solar energy are encouraged †¢ Surface water Drainage should be adequate to remove surface water and collection and re-use should be incorporated into the design and operation where ever possible The proposed project of ‘Green Golf Triangle’ is very much in line with above stated government policies and standards. Therefore obtaining required approval and clearance will be hazel free process. Planning aspects Sri Lanka has positioned itself as a ‘green’ and ‘eco† destination. It also successfully structures tourist itineraries as â€Å"cultural triangles†. Sri Lanka Cultural triangle covers an area which includes very important world heritage site of scared cities of Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa and Kandy with Dambulla. The Cultural Triangle is visited by many pilgrims, both laymen and the clergy (prominently Buddhist), as well as by local and almost all foreign tourists to the country. In the same manner positioning of Green Golf Triangle should be developed and promoted.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Temperature Dependent Speed Controller Using Thermistor Computer Science Essay

Temperature Dependent Speed Controller Using Thermistor Computer Science Essay This project is a standalone automatic fan speed controller that controls the speed of an electric fan according to our requirement. This closed loop feedback control system is efficient and reliable by using embedded technology . Micro controller (AT89C51) allows dynamic and faster control. Liquid crystal display (LCD) makes the system user-friendly. The sensed temperature and fan speed level values are simultaneously displayed on the LCD panel. It is very compact using few components and can be implemented for several applications including air-conditioners, water-heaters, snow meltars, ovens, heat-exchangers, mixers, furnaces, incubators, thermal baths and veterinary operating tables. AT89C51 micro controller is the heart of the circuit as it controls all the functions. The temperature sensor thermistor senses the temperature and converts it into an electrical (analog) signal, which is applied to the micro controller through ADC. The analog signal is converted into digital format by the analog to-digital converter (ADC). The sensed and set values of the temperature are displayed on the 162-line LCD. The micro controller drives control relays by means of ULN driver circuit to control the fan speed with the help of high wattage tagged wire wound resistor. Single pole dabble throw (SPDT) relays are connected to the micro controller through a ULN driver circuit. The relays require 12 volts at a current of around 50 mA, which cannot provided by the micro controller. So the ULN driver circuit is added. The relays are used to operate the electrical fan or for operating any other electrical device. Normally the relays remain off. As soon as pin of the micro controller goes high, the relays operate This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA 12V, 500mA power supply. 7805 and 7812 three terminal voltage regulators are used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer. This project is useful in process industries for maintenance and controlling temperature. CHOICE OF MICROCONTROLLER There are different types of processors and controllers available in the market. Industrial and control application/may require automation of the process such as temperature, pressure, liquid flow, etc., in order to minimize manual intervention. To automate any application an intelligent controller plays a major role. One such controller proposed for the project is AT89C51, an 8-bit microcontroller. The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmels high density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard MCS-51à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ instruction set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a con- ventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control appli- cations The AT89C51 provides the following standard features: 4Kbytes of Flash, 128 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry.In addition, the AT89C51 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down Mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the next hardware reset. CHOICE OF MEMORY As the system under consideration is using AT89C51 microcontroller it has 4K Bytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash Memory and EPROM for its purposes. The ATMEL AMR code is stored in an inbuilt flash memory. Flash memory cannot be reprogrammed constantly. The temperature sensor device also supports the storage of last ten pairs of measurements and new measurements are over written to the older one. Hence this system is using EEPROM as a data storage memory. Even though EEPROM is slower than Flash memory it can be rewritten as many number of times as wanted. Memory Organization The information presented in this chapter is collected from the Microcontroller Architectural Overview, AT89C51, AT89LV51, AT89C52, AT89LV52, AT89C2051, and AT89C1051 data sheets of this book. The material has been selected and rearranged to form a quick and convenient reference for the programmers of Atmels microcontroller family of devices. This guide pertains specifically to the AT89C51, AT89LV51, AT89C52, and AT89LV52. Memory Organization Program Memory The AT89C Microcontroller has separate address spaces for program memory and data memory. The program memory can be up to 64 Kbytes long. The lower addresses may reside onchip. Figure 1 shows a map of the AT89C51 program memory, and Figure 2 shows a map of the AT89C52 program memory. The AT89C10512051 do not have off-board memory expansion. Figure 1. AT89C51 Program Memory Flash Microcontroller Memory Organization Figure 2. AT89C52 Program Memory 0498A Data Memory The AT89C can directly address up to 64 Kbytes of data memory external to the chip. The MOVX instruction accesses the external data memory. (Refer to the Instruction Set section in this chapter for a detailed description of instructions). The AT89C51 has 128 bytes of on-chip RAM (256 bytes in the AT89C52) plus a number of Special Function Registers (SFRs). The lower 128 bytes of RAM can be accessed either by direct addressing (MOV data addr) or by indirect addressing (MOV Ri). CHOICE OF ADC ADC0804 (Analog to Digital Converter) Figure 3 illustrates the main function of the ADC0804 i.e. to convert the input signal from temperature sensor device to voltage form that has 8-bit output. This device acts as a memory location or port entry to the microprocessor and does not require additional logic extension. ADC0804 design. To prove that this design is according to the specifications hardware, the formula used is as follows: ADC out = Ain / Vmax X 256 (1.2) where ADC out = digital output value Ain = Input Gain Vmax = Maximum voltage Using formula (1.2), it is found that: without amplifier, ADC out = Ain / Vmax X 256 = (1/5) X 256 = 51 D = 00110011 B So that, the temperature value is = 100 / 51 = 1.96 °C à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 °C If using amplifier, ADC out = Ain / Vmax X 256 = (5 /5) X 256 = 256 D = 1111 1111 B (Proved) ADC 0804 Analog to digital converters find huge application as an intermediate device to convert the signals from analog to digital form. These digital signals are used for further processing by the digital processors. Various sensors like temperature, pressure, force etc. convert the physical characteristics into electrical signals that are analog in nature. ADC0804 is a very commonly used 8-bit analog to digital convertor.  It is a single channel IC, i.e., it can take only one analog signal as input. The digital outputs vary from 0 to a maximum of 255. The step size can be adjusted by setting the reference voltage at pin9. When this pin is not connected, the default reference voltage is the operating voltage, i.e., Vcc. The step size at 5V is 19.53mV (5V/255), i.e., for every 19.53mV rise in the analog input, the output varies by 1 unit. To set a particular voltage level as the reference value, this pin is connected to half the voltage. For example, to set a reference of 4V (Vref), pin9 is connected to 2V (Vref/2), thereby reducing the step size to 15.62mV (4V/255).   ADC0804 needs a clock to operate. The time taken to convert the analog value to digital value is dependent on this clock source. An external clock can be given at the Clock IN pin. ADC 0804 also has an inbuilt clock which can be used in absence of external clock. A suitable RC circuit is connected between the Clock IN and Clock R pins to use the internal clock. Pin Diagram:   An ADC is an electronic device that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. The reverse operation is done by a DAC. The digital output may be using different coding schemes such as binary and twos compliment binary. Most ADCs are of a type known as linear which means that the range of input values that map to each output value has a linear relationship with the output value. The ADC used is an IC, ADC 0804. Features  · Compatible with 8080  µP derivatives-no interfacing logic needed access time 135 ns  · Easy interface to all microprocessors, or operates stand alone  · Differential analog voltage inputs  · Logic inputs and outputs meet both MOS and TTL voltage level specifications  · Works with 2.5V (LM336) voltage reference  · On-chip clock generator  · 0V to 5V analog input voltage range with single 5V supply  · No zero adjust required  · 0.3[Prime] standard width 20-pin DIP package  · 20-pin molded chip carrier or small outline package  · Operates ratiometrically or with 5 VDC, 2.5 VDC, or analog span adjusted voltage reference CHOICE OF SCHEDULING ALGORITHM. Many scheduling algorithm have been studied to guarantee the real time constraints of real time process. Scheduling decisions of this algorithm is usually based on parameters which are assumed to be crisp. However, in many circumstances the values of these parameters are vague. The vagueness of parameters suggests us to make the usage of fuzzy logic to decide in what order the request should be executed to better utilize the system and as a results reduce the chance of a request being missed. Our main contribution is proposing a fuzzy approach to microprocessor/microcontroller real time scheduling in which the scheduling parameters are treated as fuzzy variables. SAMPLING RATES OF CONTROLLED LOOP The temperature measurement device Resistance Temperature Detector a measure temperature in the range of -25-150 degree Celsius. But in this application the temperature inside the container is maintained at 25 degree Celsius. There is no much deviation of temperature inside the container. The container temperature doesnt vary that much in a second. The resolution of the device is 0.1 degree Celsius if the temperature inside the container varies more than the 0.1 degree Celsius the temperature sensing device can able to detect and the output will be shown. Suppose the temperature inside the container is changing at the rate of 0.1 degree Celsius per second the output has the frequency of 1 Hz. So the sampling rate for the device to sample or measure the temperature neednt be that high. So the device is using a sampling rate of 1 for measuring temperature i.e. temperature measurement device is having a sampling frequency of 1 HZ. Number of bits per second will be 10 bits per second (1 HZ*10 bits) which can be easily handled by 10 bit ATMEL ADC. Temperature Sensor Resolution   0.1 degree Celsius Temperature change inside the container   1 degree Celsius per minute So the frequency would be 0.6 HZ Sampling frequency = 0.6*5 = 3Hz (to be greater) Sampling rate = 0.3 Seconds   CHOICE OF REAL TIME SCHEDULING ALGORITHM There are basically four types of real times scheduling algorithm Round Robin Round Robin with interrupt Function queue scheduling RTOS( Real Time Operating System)   ROUND ROBIN It is the simplest algorithm. The Round Robin algorithm is characterized by the absence of interrupts. The algorithm consists of a main loop that checks each I/O device in turn and Service them if needed. it cannot suffer from shared data problems. Latency is limited by the maximum duration of a loop cycle. Attractive for simple environments. At the same time the disadvantage for the algorithm is it cannot set priorities. Its worst case wait for an important task code is the sum of execution time of all the other task code. ROUND ROBIN WITH INTERRUPT The main advantage of Round Robin with interrupt routines deals with the very urgent needs of devices. Interrupt routines set flags to indicate the interrupt happened. Main while loop polls the status of the interrupt flags and does any  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   follow up process required by a set flag. It moves more control over priority.    FUNCTION QUEUE SCHEDULING The advantage of function queue scheduling is latency for high priority devices can be reduced compared to Round-Robin with Interrupts. In Round-Robin with Interrupts every loop may end up executing every follow-up task. Function-Queue Scheduling guarantees that at most a single follow-up task is executed per loop iteration. The main disadvantage is latency for low priority tasks can increase. Low priority tasks can actually starve. Queuing algorithm may be complex/costly to run/code. If a low priority follow-up task is very time consuming the latency for higher priority response times will suffer. RTOS The advantage of RTOS is interrupts signal the need for follow-up tasks. But, unlike Function-Queue Scheduling, this is handled by the Real-Time Operating System and not by the interrupt routines manipulating flags or a queue. Instead of a loop deciding what to do next the RTOS decides. One follow-up task can be suspended by the RTOS in favouring of performing a higher priority task.-Queue. Suspension of tasks allows the worst case wait for the highest priority item to be zero. Built-in scheduling mechanism yields a system with very stable response characteristics even when changes to the code occur. Widely available for purchase. This embedded system is using  Round Robin Scheduling  as real time scheduling algorithm. The device is used to control only the temperature inside the steel container and so round robin architecture can be set here. FAILURE CONDITIONS The system will fail only if the temperature exceeds the range of the temperature sensor. Since it is a room temperature controller the variation in the room is very slow. PERFORMANCE MEASURES As the performance measure of system is totally dependent on PID Controller performance. So the PID controller performance can be evaluated by the periodic of the parameter hereafter against some baseline values. The performance improvement actions are taken accordingly on a periodic manner. So the Process Variable Error Overshoot Steady state error Settling time Must be calculated by different values of PID controllers Controller tuning methods provide the controller parameters in the form of formula or algorithms. They ensure that the obtained control system would be stable and would meet. These methods require certain knowledge about the controlled process. This knowledge, which depends on the applied method, usually translates into a transfer function. The objectives which should be achieved by the application of the control system are associated with the   control system features Regulating performance, Tracking performance, Robustness, noise attenuation.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

An Artist in her Way: Representations of the Woman Artist in Margaret Oliphants Kirsteen :: Margaret Oliphant Kirsteen Essays

Representations of the Woman Artist in Margaret Oliphant's Kirsteen Margaret Oliphant (1828-97) was a prolific writer. She published almost 100 novels as well as biographies, art criticism, travel writing, historical sketches, and over two hundred articlesfor periodicals like Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine andThe Cornhill Magazine, yet her ambivalence about representing herself as a serious artist in her Autobiography provides Oliphant aficionados with grist for speculation and conjecture: did Oliphant even think of herself as an artist? While I will answer this question with are sounding yes, still there is enough equivocation in the Autobiography to give scholars room to play. And although Oliphant herself once wrote that "scholarship is a sort of poison tree, and kills everything" (279), the recent scholarship on Oliphant's Autobiography has enlivened rather than killed debate by calling attention to Oliphant's struggle with self-representation. When it came to writing about her particular experience as both mother and writer, Oliphant found the contemporary discourse, with its rigidly discrete ideologies of motherhood and authorhood, stifling. Thus the Autobiography can be read as Oliphant's poignant effort to extend the meaning of the term `artist' to one flexible enough to include a woman who wrote not only because it came as naturally to her as "talking or breathing" (4), but also because her children needed to eat. In this paper I will argue that Oliphant's preoccupation with what it means to be or call herself an artist can be mapped in her novel, Kirsteen, which was written in 1890--roughly the same period as the Autobiography--and chronicles the life of a Scottish woman in the early part of the 19th century. Although Kirsteen Douglas is a dressmaker rather than a writer, Oliphant takes care early in the novel to encourage the idea (through theScottish dressmaker Miss Macnab) "that a dressmaker `is an artist in her way' and that ... dressmaking is `just like a' the airts'"(Jay 260). I will thus read dressmaking as a trope for writing, Kirsteen as an artist figure, and the novel as Oliphant's portrait of the artist as a young dressmaker. Reading dressmaking as a metaphor for writing, I hope to demonstrate that this late novel presents a self-consciousness and humor about artistic production the analysis of which will clarify what Oliphant means by the term`artist.' First to contextualize Oliphant's portrayal of Kirsteen. Here I will argue that not merely personal but also larger cultural associations with needlework made dressmaking Oliphant's inevitable choice of metaphor for writing.

Satan :: essays research papers

Satan If you take a look at his personality with an open mind, Satan actually has characteristics of a respectable person. One of Satan’s characteristics is his evilness; he is the personification of evil. That isn’t one of his admirable traits, but it’s what makes Satan who he is. When you hear the word, Satan, you immediately think evil. In general, people look at Satan and that is all that runs through their minds. Evilness is the trademark of Satan’s personality. Another of Satan’s features is his intelligence. He usually isn’t noted for this. If you think about it, Satan had to be reasonably smart to plan a crusade against God. He also has the intellect enough to trick people and to transform a person’s personality. That is why when you get involved with Satan you usually end up losing. A person is sometimes respected for his intelligence. Many of the famous people in our past and present are intelligent. Satan is also a leader. He led the war against God in heaven, and he is also the leader of hell. You can tell Satan is a leader when he quotes, “it is better to reign in hell than to serve in heaven';. Leadership is a respected quality. Look at Martin Luther King, Jr. He led a rebellion for black people and today he is respected for that. Bravery is another one of Satan’s “respectable'; mannerisms. Satan had to have been fairly brave to plan a battle against God. Even though he was banned from heaven, he is the leader of hell, and he still plans to get God back for what he did. A brave person is usually always recognized in society. To have pride is a good thing. People or teams that have pride are the ones that succeed. They need to have the type of pride that gives esteem and not ego. Satan had pride mainly in himself and his work. He is proud of all the things that he does. Satan is a very ambitious creature. He doesn’t give up on something once he starts. With God, Satan can’t directly torment him. So he must use God’s creation of people to “win';. Satan doesn’t give up easily. The first thing that he thought when he got to hell was how he could take revenge of God. Satan’s ambition might become more noticeable in the

Friday, July 19, 2019

The New, Old Entertainment Essay -- Computers Technology Essays

The New, Old Entertainment Imagine a world where no one goes outside for a neighborhood soccer game, computer games are the closest thing to activity and the only social interaction comes in the form of online gaming. Now, think to your self is this actually a far fetched idea? The sad reality is that to thousands of what researchers from the Center for Disease Control call â€Å"tweens†, this is their daily life: go to school, do homework and jump on the computer or various other gaming systems. In modern America children seldom go outside to simply enjoy the pleasures of physical activities. The Center for Disease Control noticed this very problem and brought it to Congress in order to help get funding to prevent obesity which is becoming an epidemic. It is from this that the â€Å"Verb† campaign began in June of 2002. The Verb advertising campaign draws children in by appealing to their senses of Ethos, Logos, and Pathos; moreover, the advertisement successfully demonstrates to their audience that physical are worthwhile Furthermore, since this advertisement campaign was brought about through Congress, it contains valid evidence and support for its arguments. The Center for Disease Control used many tests to see what youth are actually interested in. Knowing these children better than nearly any other researchers allowed them to pull on the heart strings of America’s youth, and encourage a change in activity levels. The audiences within these advertisements are youth somewhere in between the years of nine and thirteen. Yet, they are not the sole targets, so are there mothers encouraging them to motivate their youth. The purpose as written within this article is to encourage youth to â€Å"Just get out there. Anytime. Anywhere†. Another... ...he emotional appeals making the intended audience desire to participate in any sort of activity. The credibility of this ad makes us know that the activities can not harm us. The logic reminds us how important it is to workout and be involved with the sports of any caliber. The pathos makes us feel the desire to participate to be out there and to be one of the thousands who are having fun. So now all everyone must do is to keep in mind that video games are fun but there is a great big world out there and it wouldn’t hurt anything to go and enjoy it. The commercials with children all playing inside should not be a reality, rather it should be the fantasy. Hopefully, the children of tomorrow will once again be seen playing soccer until their Mother’s flash the front porch for them to come in, and the video games of today will be pushed to the backs of their closets.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Fair & Lovely

in newspapers or on the Web that are used by families to arrange suitable alliances, and you will see that most potential grooms and their families are looking for â€Å"fair† brides; some even are progressive enough to invite responses from women belonging to a different caste. These ads, hundreds of which appear in India’s daily newspapers, re? ect attempts to solicit individuals with the appropriate religion, caste, regional ancestry, professional and educational quali? cations, and, frequently, skin color. Even in the growing numbers of ads that announce â€Å"caste no bar,† the adjective â€Å"fair† regularly precedes professional quali? ations. In everyday conversation, the ultimate compliment on someone’s looks is to say someone is gora (fair). â€Å"I have no problem with people wanting to be lighter,† said a Delhi beauty parlor owner, Saroj Nath. â€Å"It doesn’t make you racist, any more than trying to make yourself look you nger makes you ageist. † Bollywood (India’s Hollywood) glori? es conventions on beauty by always casting a fair-skinned actress in the role of heroine, surrounded by the darkest extras. Women want to use whiteners because it is â€Å"aspirational, like losing weight. Even the gods supposedly lament their dark complexion— Krishna sings plaintively, â€Å"Radha kyoon gori, main kyoon kala? (Why is Radha so fair when I’m dark? ). † A skin de? cient in melanin (the pigment that determines the skin’s brown color) is an ancient predilection. More than 3,500 years ago, Charaka, the famous sage, wrote about herbs that could help make the skin fair. Indian dermatologists maintain that fairness products cannot truly work as they reach only the upper layers of the skin and so do not affect melanin production. Nevertheless, for some, Fair & Lovely is a â€Å"miracle worker. A user gushes that â€Å"The last time I went to my parents’ home, I go t compliments on my fair skin from everyone. † For others, there is only disappointment. One 26-year-old working woman has been a regular user for the past eight years but to no avail. â€Å"I should have turned into Snow White by now but my skin is still the same wheatish color. † As an owner of a public relations ? rm commented, â€Å"My maid has been using Fair and Lovely for years and I still can’t see her in the dark . . .. But she goes on using it. Hope springs eternal, I suppose. † The number of Indians who think lighter skin is more beautiful may be shrinking. Sumit Isralni, a 22-year-old hair designer in his father’s salon, thinks things have changed in the last two years, at least in India’s most cosmopolitan cities, Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore. Women now â€Å"prefer their own complexion, their natural way† Isralni says; he prefers a more â€Å"Indian beauty† himself: â€Å"I won’t judge my wife on how fair her complexion is. † Sunita Gupta, a beautician in the same salon, is more critical. â€Å"It’s just foolishness! † she exclaimed. The premise of the ads that women could not become airline attendants if they are dark-skinned was wrong, she said. Nowadays people like black beauty. † It is a truism that women, especially in the tropics, desire to be a shade fairer, no matter what their skin color. Yet, unlike the approach used in India, advertisements elsewhere usually show how to use the product and how it works. Cultural Norms, Fair & Lovely, and Advertising CASE 2? 2 Fa ir & Lovely, a branded product of Hindustan Lever Ltd. (HLL), is touted as a cosmetic that lightens skin color. On its Web site (www. hll. com), the company calls its product â€Å"the miracle worker,† â€Å"proven to deliver one to three shades of change. While tanning is the rage in Western countries, skin lightening treatments are popular in Asia. According to industry sources, the top-selling skin lightening cream in India is Fair & Lovely from Hindustan Lever Ltd. (HLL), followed by CavinKare’s Fairever brand. HLL’s Fair & Lovely brand dominated the market with a 90 percent share until CavinKare Ltd. (CKL) launched Fairever. In just two years, the Fairever brand gained an impressive 15 percent market share. HLL’s share of market for the Fair & Lovely line generates about $60 million annually. The product sells for about 23 rupees ($0. 9) for a 25-gram tube of cream. The rapid growth of CavinKare’s Fairever (www. cavinkare .com) brand prompted HLL to increase its advertising effort and to launch a series of ads depicting a â€Å"fairer girl gets the boy theme. † One advertisement featured a ? nancially strapped father lamenting his fate, saying, â€Å"If only I had a son,† while his dark-skinned daughter looks on, helpless and demoralized because she can’t bear the ? – nancial responsibility of her family. Fast-forward and plain Jane has been transformed into a gorgeous light-skinned woman through the use of a â€Å"fairness cream,† Fair & Lovely. Now clad in a miniskirt, the woman is a successful ? ight attendant and can take her father to dine at a ? ve-star hotel. She’s happy and so is her father. In another ad, two attractive young women are sitting in a bedroom; one has a boyfriend and, consequently, is happy. The darkerskinned woman, lacking a boyfriend, is not happy. Her friend’s advice—Use a bar of soap to wash away the dark skin that’s keeping men from ? ocking to her. HLL’s series of ads provoked CavinKare Ltd. to counter with an ad that takes a dig at HLL’s Fair & Lovely ad. CavinKare’s ad has a father–daughter duo as the protagonists, with the father shown encouraging the daughter to be an achiever irrespective of her complexion. CavinKare maintained that the objective of its new commercial is not to take a dig at Fair & Lovely but to â€Å"reinforce Fairever’s positioning. † Skin color is a powerful theme in India, and much of Asia, where a lighter color represents a higher status. While Americans and Europeans ? ock to tanning salons, many across Asia seek ways to have â€Å"fair† complexions. Culturally, fair skin is associated with positive values that relate to class and beauty. One Indian lady commented that when she was growing up, her mother forbade her to go outdoors. She was not trying to keep her daughter out of trouble but was trying to keep her skin from getting dark. Brahmins, the priestly caste at the top of the social hierarchy, are considered fair because they traditionally stayed inside, poring over books. The undercaste at the bottom of the ladder are regarded as the darkest people because they customarily worked in the searing sun. Ancient Hindu scriptures and modern poetry eulogize women endowed with skin made of white marble. Skin color is closely identi? ed with caste and is laden with symbolism. Pursue any of the â€Å"grooms† and â€Å"brides wanted† ads cat2994X_case2_019-046. indd 25 cat2994X_case2_019-046. indd 25 8/27/10 2:05 PM 8/27/10 2:05 PM Part 6 Supplementary Material three-month Home Healthcare Nursing Assistant course catering to young women between the ages of 18 and 30 years. According to HLL, the Fair & Lovely Academy for Home Care Nursing Assistants offers a unique training opportunity for young women who possess no entry-level skills and therefore are not employable in the new economy job market. The Fair & Lovely Foundation plans to serve as a catalyst for the economic empowerment for women across India. The Fair & Lovely Foundation will showcase the achievements of these women not only to honor them but also to set an example for other women to follow. AIDWA’s campaign against ads that convey the message, â€Å"if she is not fair in color, she won’t get married or won’t get promoted,† also has resulted in some adjustment to fairness cream ads. In revised versions of the fairness cream ads, the â€Å"get fair to attract a groom† theme is being reworked with â€Å"enhance your selfcon? ence† so that a potential groom himself begs for attention. It is an attempt at typifying the modern Indian woman, who has more than just marriage on her mind. Advertising focus is now on the message that lighter skin enables women to obtain jobs conventionally held by men. She is career-oriented, has high aspirations, and, at the same time, wants to lo ok good. AIDWA concedes that the current crop of television ads for fairness creams are â€Å"not as demeaning† as ones in the past. However, it remains against the product; as the president of AIDWA stated, â€Å"It is downright racist to denigrate dark skin. † Although AIWDA’s campaign against fairness creams seems to have had a modest impact on changing the advertising message, it has not slowed the demand for fairness creams. Sales of Fair & Lovely, for example, have been growing 15 to 20 percent year over year, and the $318 million market for skin care has grown by 42. 7 percent in the last three years. Says Euromonitor International, a research ? rm: â€Å"Half of the skin care market in India is fairness creams and 60 to 65 percent of Indian women use these products daily. † Recently, several Indian companies were extending their marketing of fairness creams beyond urban and rural markets. CavinKare’s launch of Fairever, a fairness cream in a small sachet pack priced at Rs 5, aimed at rural markets where some 320 million Indians reside. Most marketers have found rural markets impossible to penetrate pro? tably due to low income levels and inadequate distribution systems, among other problems. However, HLL is approaching the market through Project Shakti, a rural initiative that targets small villages with populations of 2,000 people or less. It empowers underprivileged rural women by providing income-generating opportunities to sell small, lower priced packets of its brands in villages. Special packaging for the rural market was designed to provide single-use sachet packets at 50 paise for a sachet of shampoo to Rs 5 for a fairness cream (for a week’s usage). The aim is to have 100,000 â€Å"Shakti Ammas,† as they are called, spread across 500,000 villages in India by year end. CavinKare is growing at 25 percent in rural areas compared with 15 percent in urban centers. In addition to expanding market effort into rural markets, an unexpected market arose when a research study revealed Indian men were applying girlie fairness potions in droves—but on the sly. It was estimated that 40 percent of boyfriends/husbands of girlfriends/wives were applying white magic solutions that came in little tubes. Indian companies spotted a business opportunity, and Fair & Handsome, Menz Active, Fair One Man, and a male bleach called Saka were introduced to the male market. The sector expanded dramatically when Shah Rukh Khan, a highly acclaimed Commenting on the cultural bias toward fair skin, one critic states, â€Å"There are attractive people who go through life feeling inferior to their fairer sisters. And all because of charming grandmothers and aunts who do not hesitate to make un? attering comparisons. Kalee Kalooti is an oft-heard comment about women who happen to have darker skin. They get humiliated and morti? ed over the color of their skin, a fact over which they have no control. Are societal values responsible? Or advertising campaigns? Advertising moguls claim they only re? ect prevailing attitudes in India. This is possibly true but what about ethics in advertising? Is it correct to make advertisements that openly denigrate a majority of Indian people—the dark-skinned populace? The advertising is blatant in their strategy. Mock anyone who is not the right color and shoot down their self-image. † A dermatologist comments, â€Å"Fairness obtained with the help of creams is short-lived. The main reason being, most of these creams contain a certain amount of bleaching agent, which whitens facial hair, and not the skin, which leads people to believe that the cream worked. † Furthermore, â€Å"In India the popularity of a product depends totally on the success of its advertising. HLL launched its television ad campaign to promote Fair & Lovely but withdrew it after four months amid severe criticism for its portrayal of women. Activists argued that one of the messages the company sends through its â€Å"air hostess† ads demonstrating the preference for a son who would be able to take on the ? nancial responsibility for his parents is especially harmful in a country such as India where gender discrimination is rampant. Another offense is perpet uating a culture of discrimination in a society where â€Å"fair† is synonymous with â€Å"beautiful. AIDWA (All India Women’s Democratic Association) lodged a complaint at the time with HLL about their offensive ads, but Hindustan Lever failed to respond. The women’s association then appealed to the National Human Rights Commission alleging that the ad demeaned women. AIDWA objected to three things: (1) the ads were racist, (2) they were promoting son preference, and (3) they were insulting to working women. â€Å"The way they portrayed the young woman who, after using Fair & Lovely, became attractive and therefore lands a job suggested that the main quali? ation for a woman to get a job is the way she looks. † The Human Rights Commission passed AIDWA’s complaints on to the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, which said the campaign violated the Cable and Television Network Act of 1995—provisions in the act state that no advertisemen t shall be permitted which â€Å"derides any race, caste, color, creed and nationality† and that â€Å"Women must not be portrayed in a manner that emphasized passive, submissive qualities and encourages them to play a subordinate secondary role in the family and society. † The government issued notices of the complaints to HLL. After a year-long campaign led by the AIDWA, Hindustan Lever Limited discontinued two of its television advertisements for Fair & Lovely fairness cold cream. Shortly after pulling its ads off the air, HLL launched its Fair & Lovely Foundation, vowing to â€Å"encourage economic empowerment of women across India† by providing resources in education and business to millions of women â€Å"who, though immensely talented and capable, need a guiding hand to help them take the leap forward,† presumably into a fairer future. HLL sponsored career fairs in over 20 cities across the country offering counseling in as many as 110 careers. It supported 100 rural scholarships for women students passing their 10th grade, a professional course for aspiring beauticians, and a cat2994X_case2_019-046. indd 26 cat2994X_case2_019-046. indd 26 8/27/10 2:05 PM 8/27/10 2:05 PM Cases 2 The Cultural Environment of Global Marketing 2. Is it ethical to exploit cultural norms and values to promote a product? Discuss. 3. Is the advertising of Fair & Lovely demeaning to women, or is it promoting the fairness cream in a way not too dissimilar from how most cosmetics are promoted? 4. Will HLL’s Fair & Lovely Foundation be enough to counter charges made by AIDWA? Discuss. 5. In light of AIDWA’s charges, how would you suggest Fair & Lovely promote its product? Discuss. Would your response be different if Fairever continued to use â€Å"fairness† as a theme of its promotion? Discuss. 6. Propose a promotion/marketing program that will counter all the arguments and charges against Fair & Lovely and be an effective program. 7. Now that a male market for fairness cream exists, is the strength of AIDWA’s argument weakened? 8. Comment on using â€Å"Shakti Ammas† to introduce â€Å"fairness cream for the masses† in light of AIDWA’s charges. Sources: Nicole Leistikow, â€Å"Indian Women Criticize ‘Fair and Lovely’ Ideal,† Women’s eNews , April 28, 2003; Arundhati Parmar, â€Å"Objections to Indian Ad Not Taken Lightly,† Marketing News , June 9, 2003, p. 4; â€Å"Fair & Lovely Launches Foundation to Promote Economic Empowerment of Women,† press release, Fair & Lovely Foundation, http:// www. hll. com (search for foundation), March 11, 2003; Rina Chandran, â€Å"All for SelfControl,† Business Line (The Hindu), April 24, 2003; Khozem Merchant and Edward Luce, â€Å"Not So Fair and Lovely,† Financial Times , March 19, 2003; â€Å"Fair & Lovely Rede? es Fairness with Multivitamin Total Fairness Cream,† press release, Hindustan Lever Ltd. , May 3, 2005; Dr. Deepa Kanchankoti, â€Å"Do You Think Fairness Creams Work? † http://www. mid-day. com/metro, July 13, 2005; †CavinKare Launches Small Sachet Packs,† Business India , December 7, 2006; â€Å"A nalysis of Skin Care Advertising on TV During January–August 2006,† Indiantelevision. com Media, Advertising, Marketing Watch, October 17, 2006; â€Å"Women Power Gets Full Play in CavinKare’s Brand Strategy. The Economic Times (New Delhi, India), December 8, 2006; Heather Timmons, â€Å"Telling India’s Modern Women They Have Power, Even Over Their Skin Tone,† The New York Times , May 30, 2007; â€Å"The Year We Almost Lost Tall (or Short or Medium-Height), Dark and Handsome,† The Hindustan Times , December 29, 2007; â€Å"India’s Hue and Cry Over Paler Skin,† The Sunday Telegraph (London), July 1, 2007; â€Å"Fair and Lovely? † University Wire , June 4, 2007; â€Å"The Race to Keep up with Modern India,† Media, June 29, 2007; Aneel Karnani, â€Å"Doing Well by Doing Good—Case Study: ‘Fair & Lovely’ Whitening Cream,† Strategic Management Journal 28, no. 3 (2007), pp. 1351–57. Boll ywood actor likened to an Indian Tom Cruise, decided to endorse Fair & Handsome. Euromonitor International forecasts that in the next ? ve years, spending on men’s grooming products will rise 24 percent to 14. 5 billion rupees, or US$320 million. A recent product review in www. mouthshut. com, praises Fair & Lovely fairness cream: â€Å"[Fair & Lovely] contains fairness vitamins which penetrate deep down our skin to give us radiant fairness. â€Å"I don’t know if it can change the skin color from dark to fair, but my personal experience is that it works very well, if you have a naturally fair color and want to preserve it without much headache. † â€Å"I think Riya Sen has the best skin right now in Bollywood. It appears to be really soft and tender. So, to have a soft and fair skin like her I recommend Fair & Lovely Fairness Lotion or Cream. † Yet â€Å"skin color isn’t a proof of greatness. Those with wheatish or dark skin are by no way inferio r to those who have fair skin. † Here are a few facts from Hindustan Lever Ltd. s homepage: Lever Limited is India’s largest Packaged Mass Consumption Goods Company. We are leaders in Home and Personal Care Products and Food and Beverages including such products as Ponds and Pepsodent. We seek to meet everyday needs of people everywhere—to anticipate the aspirations of our consumers and customers and to respond creatively and competitively with branded products and services which raise the quality of life. It is this purpose which inspires us to build brands. Over the past 70 years, we have introduced about 110 brands. Fair & Lovely has been specially designed and proven to eliver one to three shades of change in most people. Also its sunscreen system is specially optimized for Indian skin. Indian skin, unlike Caucasian skin, tends to â€Å"tan† rather than â€Å"burn† and, hence, requires a different combination of UVA and UVB sunscreens. You may w ant to visit HLL’s homepage (www. hhl. com) for additional information about the company. QUESTIONS 1. Is it ethical to sell a product that is, at best, only mildly effective? Discuss. cat2994X_case2_019-046. indd 27 cat2994X_case2_019-046. indd 27 8/27/10 2:05 PM 8/27/10 2:05 PM

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Altruism-John F. Kennedy

John F. Kennedy erstwhile said conformity is the jailer of freedom and the enemy of growth. Which is true the act of duplicate attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to what individuals perceive is normal to their society or social group makes them apart of the masses. Which makes me figure of the many different ways throng submit in that location self into that category. For poser watching someone be sexu tout ensembley assaulted and stabbed to death alfresco of an apartment building notwithstanding never vocaling the law of nature to dish or even attempting to help yourself. Thats what happen to tidy sum Genoese and she had thirty-eight witnesses.Why was it that thirty-eight deal stood there and watch her murder? Because they were too take diffusing the responsibility for the simple particular that all these people are nigh someone must allow called. As humans we do that a potful not help someone on the side of the road because they must dedicate someone coming to h elp, never realize at the screaming nose outside you dont want to mature involve, dont help that mortal whos universe attack scattering of responsibility Diffusing the responsibility of yourself being involved into a situation that expertness put you in danger.That seem sanely merely how about when you do something that doesnt benefit you in anyway but you do it because it makes everyone else happy this is altruism. Let assign someone did go and help Kitty Genovese they could have been seriously wound but Kitty Genovese would have had her life. Altruism is any nice apparent motion you do for someone else at the disbursal of yourself it doesnt mean you cant satisfaction from your acts. In most cases of altruism you would enjoy it but the con of it is sometimes you cant hypothesise No when you should be reflection no.Youre doing what others want you to do when thats not whats in your centerfield to do. All I know is that much people should stand up for others because i n any case you would want people to ignore you in your time of need. I cant really say how to get help but if youre in danger caught peoples attention, say something important, but most of all caught someone attention. One thing I must say be undecomposed in this crazy world we call earth .

Euthanasia Essay

Countless look ats earn been conducted in recent years regarding mercy k paralyzeding. It is a content of great signifi roll in the hayce and sensitivity, be serve in the simplest terms, it is a put upment about much or less hotshots rectify hand to have got his/her cause spiritedness. Ultimately the court-orderedization of euthanasia is a matter of human rights, and therefore the outcome of its moot has great implications on how humans subtend those absolute rights. The arguments against euthanasia be numerous, and many an(prenominal) of them be valid, good, humanist points. afterwards altogether, euthanasia has been used to beg off some of historys most horrific and unholy genocides and injustices throughout the world.However, the debate of euthanasia, like life, is really complicated. It is actually opaque, non black and white. By and large, euthanasia should be badlyegal. However, to outlaw it universally no matter the circumstance, compels crucifix ion upon certain pack and deprives them of their solitary(prenominal) relief. Legalizing euthanasia is a very contr oversial topic, however it should be legal in very limited and exact, fiercely correct situations. Respect for long- jumping shore leave is a stock for human rights within the medical practice, and the choice of euthanasia is an essential part of these rights.The concept of persevering familiarity is a fairly recent standard in medical ethics. After World War II, all the despicable Nazi medical experiments became kn possess to the world. After much litigation and evaluation, the current concept of patient autonomy became very important. The result was that no one may force another to be the issuance of research against his/her tornado on. The patient has the option to choose how he/she should be treated. This standard is now all besides when universally accepted in democratic countries. Currently, the right not to suffer is an indispensible part of patie nt autonomy and of human rights the world over (Annas 1992).The choice of euthanasia should be available to patients who are physically unequal to(p)(p) of taking their own lives. at that place are mess who are paralyzed in a tragical accident or dying a muffled miserable death for years. These people dont have the choice to decide about their own life. Some of them are liveborn only by some elaborate medications or machinery without which their bodies will step down living. It used to be the law of natural plectron that decided the assign of an injured human being. These years we have machines and committees to choose life to continue, though it is more like forcing life without consent.According to nature, our bodies would die farthermost earlier than we sometimes allow. However, it is considered an offense when somebody is dowery another person to channelise his/her own life. There is no law against suicide. Paralyzed or physically inept people have already been ro bbed of luxuriant their physical faculties. Is it really the right of another person, a politician, to force their suffering and tick off the inferiority of their impropriety by turn downing them a right a non handicapped person has suicide? There is a important difference between euthanasia and suicide.Euthanasia is the resist choice for people who are suffering and dying, incapable of taking their own lives. In countries where euthanasia is illegal, patients who are mortally ill or wounded, dont have the option to choose when death will watch them. Healthy, non-handicapped people who decide to commit suicide have the option to choose when they will neat their death (Leavitt 1996). To deny these people the only melt from their suffering and misery, through suicide, is to keep abreast their suffering and in effect to sustain it.Euthanasia roll in the hay be legal in limited, patient chosen scenarios without rivulet the risk of being abused to justify the self-opinionate d murder of people. Many opponents of euthanasia agree that to deny a person incapable of choosing suicide is to force that person to continue to suffer. Such people discriminate the legalization of euthanasia, based on the slithery side argument. That is, if euthanasia is legal at all, eventually an diabolic person will be able to justify murder as legal (Dees). These possibilities are very important for lawmakers to take into consideration.However, the slippery slope arguments are not inevitable. The physical evidence does not incarnate opponents. As Leavitt reports, there is no support for the slippery slope arguments. Legislators were scared that euthanasia will be overused, but the number of people who accessed euthanasia increase only in small amounts (p. 48). Because pain is subjective, and can be caused by a very daedal number of things, it becomes difficult to create legal boundaries to define and quantify it (Dees,Vernooij-Dassen, Dekkers, & van Weel p. 339-352).Thou gh this is true, it does not humble it is absolutely inevitable that all people suffering and wanting to die should be denied that privlege. Approaches to euthanasia depart from region to country, and even within the uniform country opinions are divided. Euthanasia is legal in Netherlands (2000), Switzerland, Belgium (2002), capital of Luxembourg (2009), and Albania (1999). In the USA, Oregon became the first state to pass The Death With Dignity Act (2005), which allows terminally ill Oregon residents to obtain and use prescriptions from their physicians for self-administered, lethal medications. to a lower place the Act, providing these medications to end ones life does not constitute illegal assisted suicide. Of course, the individual has to meet certain requirements, such as being over age of 18 years old and diagnosed with a terminal illness and capable to make advised decisions. The Death with Dignity Act doesnt overwhelm patients who are in a vegetable state and not abl e to make decision, but this is a big step in right means (Law and Medicine 1995). Another important argument for legalizing euthanasia is the cost of keeping patients alive.It is common for a terminally ill patient to lose all their nest egg while sitting deep in thought(p)ly in the hospital, against their will, with no hope of recovery. This is especially true for people without health insurance. A patient in this situation essential sit passively, as they suffer in helpless pain, while the notes of their families and loved ones is drained for a hopeless cause, for the maintaining of the misery and terror that life is for them. They take up time, resources of the hospital and its staff, and taxpayer dollars.All a patient in this circumstance wants is to end it all. Yet somehow, by denying them their wish to end it all, the suffering of that individual is paste like a virus, and becomes a collective suffering, overlap by all and alleviated by nothing but that which the gov ernment and law denies them. As Taylor (2005) account that Some 28 percent of this years Medicare budget of $290 billion (projected to grow to $649 billion by 2015) will be spent on people in their last year of life. In many cases, the main effect will be to keep up the pain of impending death (p. 58). Not only does this money go to a lost cause whereby the beneficiary of the law and resources is only made to suffer by those same offerings, others who want to choose life are further denied in their options because of how those government funds are allocated. As Taylor points out again, If the right-to-lifers put our money where their mouths are, we may spend more tax dollars to protract the expiration of post-sentient Alzheimers patients than we spend to educate worthless children (p. 959). Illness has a great impact patients, family, and friends.The results of studies showed that caregivers of patients with crab louse and dementia have increased health problems and psychosoci al stress. We should be very careful to make the legal limits of euthanasia very strict. So racial or prejudiced euthanasia will never possible in justifying murder for a cause other than a patients individual will and choice. Citizens should ensure that the government or private sector can never end the lives of innocent people who obturate their agendas. This said, its a persons right to end his or her own life.Should we rob mortal who is too weak or otherwise physically unable to choose this liberty by her/his own power? To force suffering upon someone whose only available relief is death is a glaring injustice. Every life deserves equal liberty, and we should grant the same choices and freedoms for all humankind. Clipboard Edits (Apted 1996). There is big debate over legalization of euthanasia. This is topic there is controversial among politician, spectral organization and citizens. Everyone wants to make decision about the fate of another human being.However, rarely do the policy makers ask the opinion of the patient, the subject of all the debate in making their decisions about that patients fate, his/her rights. There is no law Using tonic technologies the human population is continually trying to prolong individual life. One negative consequence is that by extending the length of a persons life, the mental process of dying and suffering can also be extended The economic effect of keeping patients alive against their own will or without their consent, has significant consequences on these patients families.For example, The Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatment (SUPPORT) reports that families of seriously ill patients experienced substantial economic losses, in 20% of families, a family member had to stop working 31% of families lost most of their savings (Emanuel, E. , Fairclough, Slutsman, Emanuel, L. , 2000, p. 451-459). It makes very particular (Starrs, 2006, p. 13-16).